Chemistry+of+Life

__Molecules and Cells/ Chemistry of Life__ Lab #1 - Diffusion and Osmosis / Lab #2 - Enzyme Activity Lab #1: What are the processes of diffusion and osmosis in a model membrane system? What is the effect of solute concentration on water potential as it relates to living in plant tissue? Lab #2: How much H2O2 will be converted into water and oxygengas by the enzyme catalase? What is the rate of this enzyme catalase? How much oxygen will be generated? How do changes in temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration effect reaction rates of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Purpose: Materials: Procedure: Results:

__Vocabulary words and definitions:__ Catalase, substrate, sulfuric acid, potassium pernanganate, diffusion, osmosis, dialysis, isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic, water potential, solute potential.

Four most important element=C, H, O, N (P & S also important)
 * Enzymes:** proteins that regulate metabolism and act as **catalysts** or agents that speed up reations over and over again
 * Amino Acids:** come together to form **polypeptides** which then form **proteins.** Made up of an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a variable group. The bond between the carboxyl group and amino group of another amino acid is called a **peptide bond** and involves the loss of a water molecule (using an **enzyme**)
 * Hydrophilic:** has an affiinity for water (polar molecules and acids and bases)
 * Hydrophobic:** does not have an affinity for water (tend to form droplets; nonpolar molecules)
 * Catalase-** a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms that are exposed to oxygen, where it functions to catalase the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen
 * Isotonic-** A mixture containing the same concentration of solute as another mixture to which it is compared
 * Atoms:** Basic unit of living things.
 * Protons:** Positivly charged particle
 * Nuetron:** A nuetrally charged particle
 * Electron:** A negatively charged particle
 * Atomic Number:** Number of protons
 * Mass Number:** Number of protons + number of nuetrons
 * Isotope:** Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers
 * Valence Electrons:** electrons in the outermost energy level, involved in chemical bonds
 * Van der Waals Interactions:** Attraction between molecules caused by local charge fluctuations (Lots of hydrogen bonds make it stronger) Ex: snapping 1 stick vs snapping a bundle of sticks.

__People and their experiments:__